Coming down, you flatten both the 6th and 7th notes, so the scale is very different going up from coming down. Descending, the notes are exactly what the key signature is. For instance, A melodic minor has F and G going up just as the A major scale does and is all white notes coming down just like the key signature of no sharps or flats!
Thinking of the melodic minor scale this way makes it much easier to remember. To get a good sense of this scale, try inventing your own music using the intervals as shown above. Contrary — meaning opposite — and motion — meaning movement. These are scales that move in opposite directions and are fun to play. Certain keys are really challenging to play in this way, but give you the next level of skill if you practice them!
C major is the easiest one to play. To play a contrary motion scale in C major, start with both your thumbs on middle C. Your left hand is going to perform a descending scale while your right hand is going to perform an ascending scale, at the same time!
You should find this quite easy to do. When you reach finger number 3 on E in the right hand and on A in the left hand, both your thumbs tuck under at the same time and land on F in the right hand and G in the left hand. Then you continue walking in opposite directions until you reach C in both hands with the little finger. Then reverse direction. You should end up with both thumbs on middle C again.
Like other scales, you can practice this scale in rhythms and various numbers of octaves. G major is slightly more challenging because the F comes at different moments in each hand.
Another very commonly used scale in blues, jazz and even popular music is the Pentatonic scale. The major pentatonic is structured like this:. Learn the difference between the Minor Pentatonic and the Blues Scale. Equal intervals Equal Intervals are defined as the scale that has a standardized order. Absolute zero Absolute zero is defined as the feature that is unique to a ratio scale. Levels of Data Measurement The level of measurement of a given data set is determined by the relationship between the values assigned to the attributes of a data variable.
The different levels of data measurement are: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio scales Nominal Scale The nominal scale is a scale of measurement that is used for identification purposes. Nominal Scale Example In the example below, the measurement of the popularity of a political party is measured on a nominal scale. Independent Republican Democrat Labeling Independent as "1", Republican as "2" and Democrat as "3" does not in any way mean any of the attributes are better than the other.
Ordinal Scale Ordinal Scale involves the ranking or ordering of the attributes depending on the variable being scaled. Ordinal Scale Example For example: A software company may need to ask its users: How would you rate our app? Interval Scale The interval scale of data measurement is a scale in which the levels are ordered and each numerically equal distances on the scale have equal interval difference.
A 5 Minutes Interval Time Scale It is used in various sectors like in education, medicine, engineering, etc. Interval Scale Example A common example is measuring temperature on the Fahrenheit scale. Ratio Scale Ratio Scale is the peak level of data measurement. Ratio Scale Example For example: A survey that collects the weights of the respondents. Follow the following steps to collect data on Formplus Step 1 - Select Feature We will be using the radio choice multiple-choice questions to collect data on Formplus form builder.
Click on the Radio button. Edit the question and choice options. Click the save button to save edits. Ordinal Data Repeat Step 1. Click on the edit button to edit the form. Edit the question and choice options Assign values to the choice options. Repeat Step 1. Ratio Data Repeat Step 1.
Click the save button in the top right corner to save the form. Step 3 - Customize and Preview Form Types of Measurement Scale There are two main types of measurement scales, namely; comparative scales and non-comparative scales. Comparative Scales In comparative scaling, respondents are asked to make a comparison between one object and the other. Paired Comparison Scale Paired Comparison scale is a scaling technique that presents the respondents with two objects at a time and asks them to choose one according to a predefined criterion.
Which feature is most preferred to you between the following pairs? Filter - Voice recorder Filter - Video recorder Voice recorder - Video recorder Rank Order Scale: In rank order scaling technique, respondents are simultaneously provided with multiple options and asked to rank them in order of priority based on a predefined criterion. For example: Rank the following brands from the most preferred to the least preferred.
Coca-Cola Pepsi Cola Dr pepper Mountain Dew Constant Sum Scale Constant Sum scale is a type of measurement scale where the respondents are asked to allocate a constant sum of units such as points, dollars, chips or chits among the stimulus objects according to some specified criterion. Q-Sort Scale Q-Sort scale is a type of measurement scale that uses a rank order scaling technique to sort similar objects with respect to some criterion.
For example, a new restaurant that is just preparing its menu may want to collect some information about what potential customers like: The document provided contains a list of 50 meals. Non-Comparative Scales In non-comparative scaling, customers are asked to only evaluate a single object.
Sometimes called monadic or metric scale, Non-Comparative scale can be further divided into continuous and the itemized rating scales Continuous Rating Scale In continuous rating scale, respondents are asked to rate the objects by placing a mark appropriately on a line running from one extreme of the criterion to the other variable criterion.
Itemized Rating Scale The itemized rating scale is a type of ordinal scale that assigns numbers each attribute. Likert Scale A Likert scale is an ordinal scale with five response categories, which is used to order a list of attributes from the best to the least. Stapel Scale: This a scale with 10 categories, usually ranging from -5 to 5 with no zero point.
Semantic Differential Scale This is a seven-point rating scale with endpoints associated with bipolar labels e. Conclusion In a nutshell, scales of measurement refers to the various measures used in quantifying the variables researchers use In performing data analysis.
Choose the right survey measurement scale with Formplus online survey tool Get Started. Formplus Blog on Nov 14 12 min read. Get Started. You may also like:. What is Qualitative Data? Formplus Blog Oct 31 12 min read. What is a Survey Rating Scale? Formplus Blog Mar 05 10 min read. Major keys are quite often associated with the music feeling happy or joyful whereas minor keys are known for music that sounds sad or melancholy.
Diatonic scales are also heptatonic which means they have seven notes with two intervals of a half step semitone and five intervals that are whole steps tones. A chromatic scale is very different from a diatonic scale as it is made up of all 12 notes in western music. In other words, to play a chromatic scale you choose a note and then play the note a half step above and keep going until you reach the note you started on. To read more check out my guide to chromatic scales here.
A whole tone scale is a type of scale where each note is an interval of a whole step tone apart. Pentatonic scales are one of the simplest types of scale and have been around for a very long time. So a scale can include minor 3rds right? Well, if we create a scale of only minor 3rd intervals we end up with a diminished chord.
Definition 3 excludes the diminished chord as a scale, but includes the Harmonic Minor Scale. According to this definition there are possible scales. A subset of the 12 chromatic notes is any collection of 12 or less notes with no duplicates. So far all the scales we have discussed fit this definition. But here are more examples:. With this flexible definition of a scale and a bit of math we can show that there are possible scales. That linked article is an interesting read, to understand it you will want to understand factorials and combinations.
So far our discussion has been on the 12 tone per octave system commonly used in western music. But not all music is played on the piano. The actual definition is more nuanced; some claim they are between a scale and a tune. Here is a piece that uses the Raag Purvi; I find it to be bizarre to my western ears , sad, unsettling, and gorgeous.
Uh oh. This throws our 12 note per octave assumption out the window. Time to make an even more flexible scale definition. There are infinite pitches so it follows that there are infinite scales according to this definition.
Well generally the notes of scale are the building blocks of melodies and harmonies. Most melodies fit inside one, or possibly , scales. So infinite scales allows for infinite conceivable melodies and harmonies. Because composers generally create new unexplored music that they hope connects with others is meaningful. Perhaps by exploring these obscure theoretic scale types, we dig deeper into the depths of human experience, expressing and communicating in new, profound ways.
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