Veins carry blood from the body back into the heart. Arterial thrombosis is when the blood clot blocks an artery. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the body. What causes thrombosis? Venous thrombosis may be caused by: Disease or injury to the leg veins Not being able to move around immobility for any reason A broken bone fracture Certain medicines Obesity Inherited disorders, or a greater likelihood of having a certain disorder based on your genes Autoimmune disorders that make it more likely your blood will clot Medicines that increase your risk of clotting such as certain birth control medicines Arterial thrombosis may be caused by a hardening of the arteries, called arteriosclerosis.
What are the risk factors for thrombosis? Many of the risk factors for venous and arterial thrombosis are the same. Risk factors for venous thrombosis may include: A family history of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body, called a deep vein thrombosis DVT A history of DVT Hormone therapy or birth control pills Pregnancy Injury to a vein, such as from surgery, a broken bone, or other trauma Lack of movement, such as after surgery or on a long trip Inherited blood clotting disorders A central venous catheter Older age Smoking Being overweight or obese Some health conditions, such as cancer, heart disease, lung disease, or Crohn's disease Risk factors for arterial thrombosis may include: Smoking Diabetes High blood pressure High cholesterol Lack of activity and obesity Poor diet Family history of arterial thrombosis Lack of movement, such as after surgery or on a long trip Older age What are the symptoms of thrombosis?
Symptoms may include: Pain in one leg usually the calf or inner thigh Swelling in the leg or arm Chest pain Numbness or weakness on one side of the body Sudden change in your mental state The symptoms of thrombosis may look like other blood disorders or health problems.
How is thrombosis diagnosed? Other tests may include: Ultrasound. This test uses sound waves to check the blood flow in your arteries and veins. Blood tests. These may include tests to see how well your blood can clot. For this test, a dye is injected into your veins. Then X-rays are taken to show blood flow and look for clots.
The dye makes your veins easier to see on the X-rays. The imaging procedure that is used will depend on the type of blood clot you have and where it is located. How is thrombosis treated?
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Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Are You At Risk for Clots? Minus Related Pages. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website. Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.
You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link. CDC is not responsible for Section compliance accessibility on other federal or private website. Get medical help as soon as possible if you think you have DVT. These symptoms also happen in your arm or tummy if that's where the blood clot is. DVT can be very serious because blood clots in your veins can break loose, travel through your bloodstream and get stuck in your lungs.
This is called a pulmonary embolism. A pulmonary embolism can be life threatening and needs treatment straight away. There are also some temporary situations when you're at more risk of DVT. These include if you:. If a doctor thinks you have DVT, you should be referred to hospital within 24 hours for an ultrasound scan.
The scan shows whether blood is flowing normally through the vein. You may also have an X-ray of the vein venogram. For this, you will be injected with a dye to show where the blood clot is.
You may have an injection of an anticoagulant blood thinning medicine called heparin while you're waiting for an ultrasound scan to tell if you have a DVT.
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