Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is the article's first page. Cited By. This article is cited by 7 publications. Kristian B. Kiradjiev, Vladimiros Nikolakis, Ian M. Spedding , M. Heat and mass transfer in wetted-wall columns: I. The Chemical Engineering Journal , 37 3 , Studies of gas absorption: V. Mass transfer in film reactors wetted wall columns. H 2 SO 4 for three weeks, its volume would greatly increase and it would become more dilute because it would have absorbed so much water vapour out of the air.
Firstly, add dilute HNO 3. Secondly, add Ba NO 3 2 aq. If sulfuric acid or a sulfate is present a white precipitate will be immediately observed. Hot concentrated sulfuric acid is an oxidising agent when it accepts electrons.
The electrons are supplied by the reducing agent in the reaction:. Sulfur dioxide can be detected with a strip of filter paper moistened with potassium dichromate which turns from orange to green. The misty fumes of hydrogen chloride gas are seen. The reason chlorine gas is not formed is because sulfuric acid is not powerful enough to oxidise chloride ions.
Bromide ions are a stronger reducing agent than chloride ions. As bromide ions are larger than chloride ions their electrons are easier to remove.
Bromide ions reduce sulfuric acid into sulfur dioxide in two steps. Iodide ions are even larger than bromide ions and iodides electrons are even easier to remove. Iodide ions will reduce concentrated sulfuric acid into hydrogen iodide gas, which will further reduce sulfuric acid in three ways at room temperature.
Concentrated sulfuric acid is very good at removing the water from sugars. When the elements of water are removed from sucrose it leads to a black mass of carbon see photo, left and the Molecule of the Month page on glucose.
Sulfuric acid can also be used to dehydrate sodium salts of some carboxylic acids. This use of sulfuric acid has already been mentioned in the Molecule of the Month page on Carbon monoxide. The reactions involve protonation by the acid followed by subsequent dehydration. Dilute sulfuric acid neutralises basic oxides or hydroxides to form sulfate salts and water. Don't forget sulfuric acid is a strong acid completely ionizes in water.
As sulfuric acid is dibasic ionizes in two stages when it reacts with sodium hydroxide it can form two possible sodium salts.
How do you remember this? Here are some mnemonics:. Personally, I don't find any of those mnemonics easy to remember. I get it right because I figure if I get it wrong, I'd rather have a whole container of water splash on me than a whole container of sulfuric acid, so I take my chances with the small volume of acid and the large volume of water. When you mix sulfuric acid and water, sulfuric acid donates a hydrogen ion, producing the hydronium ion.
Sulfuric acid becomes its conjugate base, HSO 4 -. The equation for the reaction is:. Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Use precise geolocation data.
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